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BOOTS ON THE GROUND
Since 2000, the FIA program has inventoried most states annually, applying a nationally consistent sampling protocol using a quasi-systematic design covering all landownership in the United States. Fixed-area plots are installed in locations with accessible forestland cover, and field crews collect data on more than 300 variables, including landownership, forest type, tree species, tree size, tree condition, and other site attributes (e.g., slope, aspect, disturbance, and land use). The program collects and maintains a set of core national variables and uses a flexible approach that allows regional collection of variables.
The FIA program tracks and reports on the utilization of wood harvested from America’s forests. Wood may be harvested for industrial purposes, such as the production of lumber or paper, or it may be removed for nonindustrial purposes, such as firewood. In either case, monitoring the removal and processing of wood provides information about a significant component of the US economy. The Timber Product Output (TPO) includes two important components: mill surveys and use studies. Together, TPO data provides significant insight into the forest products economy, its impact on the larger US economic situation, and how wood moves across America.
Approximately half of America’s forests are privately owned, either by individuals
or by corporations. Private owners therefore have a huge impact on the state of
America’s forests. The FIA program conducts periodic surveys of private forest
owners (the National Woodland Owner Survey) to assess their ownership
objectives, expected benefits, harvest intentions, and management plans. These
United States Department of Agriculture 120°W 110°W surveys are completed through voluntary questionnaires sent to private forestland
100°W 90°W 80°W 70°W
The FIA sampling protocol uses ground plots, or Phase 2 plots, designed to cover 1-acre sample areas. Not all trees on the acre are measured. Ground plots may be new plots that have never been measured, or re-measurement plots that were measured
owners. Responses are kept confidential to protect landowner privacy. Information
Distribution of Six
is summarized at the state and regional level to provide information on status and
Forest Ownership Types
trend in forest land ownership. As is the case with forest and timber product output
in the Conterminous
data efforts, it is becoming increasingly important that the FIA program develops
United States
strategies to automate data and science delivery applications.
during one or more previous inventories.
Jaketon H. Hewes, Brett J. Butler, Greg C. Liknes, Mark D. Nelson, and Stephanie A. Snyder
o
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e
Private Forest
Family*
Public Forest
Federal
*Family includes individuals, families, trusts, estates, and family partnerships. 4%
Corporate Other private**
Jaketon H. Hewes, Brett J. Butler, Greg C. Liknes, Mark D. Nelson, and Stephanie A. Snyder
43%
Map Description
This map depicts the spatial distribution of ownership types across forest land in the conterminous United States circa
2009. The distribution is derived, in part, from Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data that are collected at a sample
28%
Suggested Citation
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land held by owner type indicated. States that appear darker do not necessarily have more forested land of a particular type than other states, but rather have a greater percentage of their forested land in a given ownership type.
2% Percent of Forested Land by Own7er%ship Type
United States Department of Agriculture
120°W
110°W 100°W 90°W
80°W
70°W
DistributionDFofoiSsritexrsFitborOuestwtionerosfhSix
Ownership Types in the
Cintensity of approximately one plot per 2400 ha across the United States (U.S. Forest Service 2012). Ownership
Map Description
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This map depicts the spatial distribution o
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intensity of approximately one plot per 2400 ha across the United States (U.S. Forest Service 2012). Ownership
State Local
categories were mapped to the landscape using Thiessen polygons, and a forest/nonforest mask was applied to limit ownership portrayal to forested areas (Butler et al. 2014). Inset maps (below) depict states by the percentage of forest land held by owner type indicated. States that appear darker do not necessarily have more forested land of a particular type than other states, but rather have a greater percentage of their forested land in a given ownership type.
Percent of Forested Land by Ownership Type
Private Forest
Family*
**Other private includes conservation and natural reCsoourcpeoorragtaenizations, unincorporated partnerships and associations, and Native American tribal lands.
bGlir
of six forest ownership types in the conterFmeidneorauls United States. [Scale 1: 10,000,0S0t0a,te1: 34,000,000.] Res. Map NRS-6.
Data Sources
Other private**
Local
2%
16%
Public Private
0 500 1,000 Miles
Scale and legend apply to all six ownership type maps.
<1% 1-4% 5-9% 10-19% 20-39% 40-59% 60-79%
≥80%
28%
43%
Non-forest
16%
7%
telson, Mark D.; Snyder, Stephanie A. 2014. Map of distribution Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
F cegi
oCre.a;sNt
v
Federal Family* Non-forest
4%
werederivedfromSFIAtapltoetdata,withfederalandsCtateolarnpdowrnaertsehipsupplementedwithdatafromtheProtectedAreas
Forest land was identified using a forest probability dataset (Wilson et al. 2012). Public and private ownership types
Database of the United States (CBI 2012). Political boundaries and basemap layers are from Environmental Systems
Projection: Albers Equal Area Conic USGS Version Central Meridian: 96W
Latitude of Origin: 23N
Federal State Local
Family* Corporate Other Private**
Local Other Private**
Research Institute (ESRI; Redlands, CA) data and maps. The dataset used to create this map is available for download
(Hewes et al. 2014). *Family includes individuals, families, trusts, estates,
**Other private includes conservation and natuDraal tum: NAD83 resource organizations, unincorporated partnerships
and associations, and Native American tribal lands.
0
0
Hewes, J.H.; Butler, B.J.; Liknes,G.C.; NSeulsgogne,sMte.dDC.;iStantyiodner,S.A. 2014. Distribution of forest ownership types in the conterminourseUsnoiteudrScteateso:rFgOaR_nOizWaNtH_iToewYnePs,g,JeaouksenptaoitniaHcld.o;aBrtapusteolter[,daBatraebttdaJs.e;p]L.aNikrentwenst,oeGwrnsegShqCiup.a;rsNe,elPsAon:,UM.Sa.rDkeDp.a;rStmnyednetr,StephanieA.2014.Mapofdistribution of Agricultuaren, Fdoreasst Sseorvciciea, Ntiortnhesr,n RaofensiedxarfcoNhreaSsttaoitvwioene.rAshvmiapiltaeybprleicsaitanhnthtpet:c/r/odibnxt.eadromli.lionarognu/1sd0U.s2n.7it3e7d/RStDatSe-s2.0[S14ca-0le010:21. 0,000,000, 1: 34,000,000.] Res. Map NRS-6.
Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
References
and family partnerships.
*Family includes individuals, families, trusts, estates, 7% 2% and family partnerships.
**Other private includes conservation and natural
resource organizations, unincorporated partnerships
and associations, and Native American tribal lands.
From Plots to Pixels 63
Butler, B.J.; Hewes, J.H.; Liknes,G.C.; Nels0on, M50.0D.;1S,n00y0dMeril,eSs.A. 2014. A comparison of techniques for generating forest
250
500
Kilometers
*Family includes individuals, families, trusts, estates, Scale and legend apply to all six ownership type maps.
ownership spatial products. Applied Geography. 46:21-34.
Miles
Conservatioan nBidolofgaymInisltyitutpe a[CrBtnI]e. 2r0s1h2.iPpAsD.-US (CBI Edition) Version 2. Corvallis, OR: Conservation Biology
250
500
28%
43%
Non-forest
<1% 1-4% 5-9% 10-19%
20-39% 40-59% 60-79% ≥80% Institute. Available at http://consbio.org/products/projects/pad-us-cbiedition.
**Other private includes conservation and natural
U.S. Forest Service. 2012. Forest Inventory and Analysis national core field guide: Volume 1: Field data collection
procedures for phase 2 plots. Version 6.0.DWaatashSinogutrocne,sDC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 427 pages. United States. 2014. [Scale 1: 10,000,000, 1: 34,000,000.] Res. Map Available at http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/fia/dFaotare-cstollaencdtiowna/s. identified using a forest probability dataset (Wilson et al. 2012). Public and private ownership types
Public Private
Federal Family*
State Corporate Local Other Private**
25°N 30°N
35°N
40°N
45°N
25°N 30°N
35°N
40°N
45°N
25°N
30°N
35°N
40°N
45°N
25°N
30°N
35°N
40°N
45°N
25°N
30°N
35°N 40°N 45°N
The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
(Hewes et al. 2014). Nelson, and Stephanie A. Snyder.
80°W
Forest Service
Northern Research Map Publication Date Research Station NRS-6 August 2014
References
Butler, B.J.; Hewes, J.H.; Liknes,G.C.; Nelson, M.D.; Snyder, S.A. 2014. A comparison of techniques for generating forest ownership spatial products. Applied Geography. 46:21-34.
Conservation Biology Institute [CBI]. 2012. PAD-US (CBI Edition) Version 2. Corvallis, OR: Conservation Biology
Institute. Available at http://consbio.org/products/projects/pad-us-cbiedition.
Hewes, J.H.; Butler, B.J.; Liknes,G.C.; Nelson, M.D.; Snyder,S.A. 2014. Distribution of forest ownership types in the conterminous United States: FOR_OWN_TYP geospatial dataset [database]. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2014-0002.
U.S. Forest Service. 2012. Forest Inventory and Analysis national core field guide: Volume 1: Field data collection procedures for phase 2 plots. Version 6.0. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 427 pages. Available at http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/fia/data-collection/.
Wilson, BT.; Lister, A.J.; Riemann, R.I. 2012. A nearest-neighbor imputation approach mapping tree species over large
0
0
250
500
Kilometers
*Family includes individuals, families, trusts, estates, and family partnerships.
**Other private includes conservation and natural resource organizations, unincorporated partnerships and associations, and Native American tribal lands.
110°W
100°W
90°W
80°W
4%
Map of distribution of six forest ownership types in the conterminous
16%
were derived from FIA plot data, with federal and state land ownership supplemented with data from the Protected Areas Projection: Albers Equal Area Conic USGS Version
NRS-6. Newtown Square, PA: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research
Wilson, BT.; Lister, A.J.; Riemann, R.I. 2D01a2ta. bAasneaorfestht-eneUignhitbeodrSimtapteusta(tCioBnI a2p0p1r2o)a.cPhomlitaipcpalinbgoturnedeasrpiesciaensdovbearselamrgaep layers are from Environmental Systems Central Meridian: 96W areas using forest inventory plots and moRdesreaatercrhesIonlsuttiitounter(aEstSeRr Id;aRtae.dFlaonredst, ECcAo)lodgaytaaannddMmaanpasg.eTmhendt.at2a7s1e:t1u8s2e-d19to8.create this map is available for download Latitude of Origin: 23N
Station. Hewes, Jaketon H., Brett J. Butler, Greg C. Liknes, Mark D.
Datum: NAD83
250
500
Miles
110°W
100°W
90°W
80°W